Study of acute hepatotoxicity of Equisetum arvense L. in rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the acute hepatotoxicity of Equisentum arvense L. in rats. METHODS: Fifty Wistar rats were used, these being divided in four groups, one being the control (receiving only water) and the other groups receiving graded doses of Equisentum arvense L. (30, 50, and 100mg/kg respectively) for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained to determine TGO, TGP, FA, DHL and GT-gamma activities. After that, hepatic tissue samples were collected for the anatomopathologic analysis. RESULTS: The anatomopathologic exam of the hepatic tissue showed organ with preserved lobular structure. In the same way, there was no significant change in the seric activities of the hepatic enzymes when compared to control group. CONCLUSION: The oral treatment with graded doses of Equisentum arvense L. was not able to produce hepatic changes. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the chronic hepatotoxicity of Equisentum arvense L. in rats.

Study of acute hepatotoxicity of Equisetum arvense L. in rats / Estudo da hepatotoxicidade aguda da Equisetum arvense L. em ratos

PURPOSE: To evaluate the acute hepatotoxicity of Equisentum arvense L. in rats. METHODS: Fifty Wistar rats were used, these being divided in four groups, one being the control (receiving only water) and the other groups receiving graded doses of Equisentum arvense L. (30, 50, and 100mg/kg respectively) for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained to determine TGO, TGP, FA, DHL and GT-gamma activities. After that, hepatic tissue samples were collected for the anatomopathologic analysis. RESULTS: The anatomopathologic exam of the hepatic tissue showed organ with preserved lobular structure. In the same way, there was no significant change in the seric activities of the hepatic enzymes when compared to control group. CONCLUSION: The oral treatment with graded doses of Equisentum arvense L. was not able to produce hepatic changes. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the chronic hepatotoxicity of Equisentum arvense L. in rats.

OBJETIVO: Investigar a hepatotoxicidade aguda da Equisetum arvense L. em ratos. MÉTODOS: foram utilizados 50 ratos Wistar, os quais foram divididos em quatro grupos, sendo um controle (recebendo apenas água) e os outros grupos recebendo doses crescentes de cavalinha (30, 50 e 100mg/Kg, respectivamente) por 14 dias. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para determinação da atividade sérica de TGO, TGP, FA, DHL e gama-GT. Em seguida, foram obtidas amostras de tecido hepático para análise anatomopatológica. RESULTADOS: O exame anatomopatológico de tecido hepático demonstrou órgão com estrutura lobular preservada. Da mesma forma, não houve alteração significativa na atividade sérica das enzimas hepáticas, quando comparado ao grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento com doses crescentes de Equisetum arvense L., não induziu hepatotoxicidade aguda em ratos. Novos estudos são necessários para avaliar a hepatoxicidade crônica de Equisetum arvense L. em ratos.

Cardiovascular and hematologic effects produced by chronic treatment with etoricoxib in normotensive rats.

PURPOSE: Evaluate the cardiovascular and hematological effects produced by chronic treatment with two dosis of etoricoxib in Wistar normotensive rats. METHODS: Thirty rats have been used and divided into one control group and two etoricoxib (10mg/kg and 30mg/kg) treatments groups for 60 days. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was taken during the whole experimental period and at the end of this period, under anesthesia blood samples were taken, and further the withdrawn of the aorta, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys for the anatomopathologic study. RESULTS: The treatment with etoricoxib (30mg/Kg) produced a significant increase of the MAP from the 28th day of the experiment and from the platelets when compared to the control group and to the group treated with 10mg/Kg, besides producing a highly significant difference in hematocrit and in the red blood cells in relation to the control group. On the other hand the treatment with etoricoxib has not caused histopathological changes when compared to the control. CONCLUSION: These data show that the chronic treatment with etoricoxib leads to increase of the MAP, and to important hematological changes which seem to be associated to the hemoconcentration although not producing anatomopathological significant changes.

Cardiovascular and hematologic effects produced by chronic treatment with etoricoxib in normotensive rats / Efeitos cardiovasculares e hematológicos produzidos pelo tratamento crônico com etoricoxib em ratos normotensos

PURPOSE: Evaluate the cardiovascular and hematological effects produced by chronic treatment with two dosis of etoricoxib in Wistar normotensive rats. METHODS: Thirty rats have been used and divided into one control group and two etoricoxib (10mg/kg and 30mg/kg) treatments groups for 60 days. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was taken during the whole experimental period and at the end of this period, under anesthesia blood samples were taken, and further the withdrawn of the aorta, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys for the anatomopathologic study. RESULTS: The treatment with etoricoxib (30mg/Kg) produced a significant increase of the MAP from the 28th day of the experiment and from the platelets when compared to the control group and to the group treated with 10mg/Kg, besides producing a highly significant difference in hematocrit and in the red blood cells in relation to the control group. On the other hand the treatment with etoricoxib has not caused histopathological changes when compared to the control. CONCLUSION: These data show that the chronic treatment with etoricoxib leads to increase of the MAP, and to important hematological changes which seem to be associated to the hemoconcentration although not producing anatomopathological significant changes.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos cardiovasculares e hematológicos produzidos pelo tratamento crônico com duas doses de etoricoxib em ratos Wistar normotensos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 30 ratos divididos em um grupo controle e dois grupos tratamentos (10mg/kg e 30mg/kg) de etoricoxib por 60 dias. A pressão arterial média (PAM) dos animais foi aferida durante todo o período experimental e, ao final deste, sob anestesia, foram coletadas amostras de sangue, além da retirada da aorta, coração, cérebro, fígado e rins para estudo anatomopatológico. RESULTADOS: O tratamento com etoricoxib (30mg/Kg) produziu aumento significativo da PAM a partir do 28° dia do experimento e das plaquetas quando comparado ao grupo controle e ao grupo tratado com etoricoxib 10 mg/Kg, além de produzir diferença altamente significativa no hematócrito e nas hemácias em relação ao grupo controle. Por outro lado, o tratamento com etoricoxib, não produziu alterações histopatológicas quando comparado ao controle. CONCLUSÃO: Estes dados indicam que o tratamento crônico com etoricoxib produz aumento da PAM, além de importantes alterações hematológicas que parecem estar associadas à hemoconcentração, porém sem produzir alterações anatomopatológicas significativas.

Total hepatic ischemia and reperfusion after state controlled hemorrhagic shock, with used of different solutions: effects of neutrophils sequestration in kidney of rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare neutrophils sequestration in the renal cortex of rats, result of total hepatic ischemia and reperfusion after controlled hemorrhagic shock, with use of different electrolytic solutions. METHODS: Used 18 rats Wistar, males, adult, divided into three groups as the solution used to reanimation: Group PSS: physiologic saline solution; Group HSS: hypertonic saline hypertonic (7.5%) followed by lactated ringer's solution; Group LRS: lactated ringer's solution. All the animals were submitted to the bleeding controlled until mean arterial pressure (MAP) 40 mmHg, for 20 minutes. Performed volemic replacement until PAM=80 mmHg with the solution according the studied group, followed by laparotomy and Pringle's Maneuver for 15 minutes. The animals were accompanied until for two hours. To statistical comparisons between mean of neutrophils sequestration, in interstitium of the renal cortex, were made the tests One-way ANOVA and covariance analysis, adjusting itself for time of supervened. The hemodynamic parameters evaluated were: MAP, heat rate, cardiac index, vascular resistance system index. The analyzed metabolic variables were: pH, bicarbonate, base deficit and lactato, besides electrolytes. RESULTS: The mean values of supervened, in minutes, for group were: Group PSS 79.0+/-12.0; Group LRS 97.0+/-11.0; Group HSS 67.0+/-10. The mean values of neutrophils/field in the renal cortex were: Group PSS 0.55+/-0.68; Group LRS 1.68+/-0.53; Group HSS 1.33+/-0.43. When adjusted for time of supervened: Group PSS 0.55; Group LRS 1.62; Group HSS 1.39. There was statistically significant difference in neutrophils sequestration, between Group PSS regarding the others groups, using itself or not the adjustment by time of supervened (p=0.016 and p=0.0128). CONCLUSION: Both critical situations in this model, controlled hemorrhagic shock followed by Pringle's maneuver, promoted neutrophils sequestration in the interstitium renal of rat, and the physiologic saline solution demonstrated minor mean, differentiating statistically of the others solutions.

Total hepatic ischemia and reperfusion after state controlled hemorrhagic shock, with used of different solutions: effects of neutrophils sequestration in kidney of rats

OBJETIVO: Avaliar e comparar o seqüestro de neutrófilos no rim de rato, como efeito da isquemia e reperfusão hepática total após estado de choque hemorrágico controlado, com uso de diferentes soluções eletrolíticas.MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se 18 ratos Wistar, machos, adultos, divididos em três grupos conforme a solução utilizada para reanimação: Grupo SF: solução fisiológica; Grupo SH: solução hipertônica de NaCl a 7,5% seguido pela solução de ringer com lactato; Grupo RL: solução de ringer com lactato. Todos os animais foram submetidos à sangria controlada até pressão arterial média (PAM) atingir 40 mmHg, permanecendo por 20 minutos. Realizou-se reanimação volêmica até PAM=80 mmHg com a solução conforme o grupo estudado. Em seguida realizou-se uma laparotomia e a manobra de Pringle por 15 minutos. Os animais foram acompanhados até duas horas. Para comparações estatísticas entre as contagens de neutrófilos, no interstício do córtex renal, foram efetuados os testes ANOVA e a análise de covariância, ajustando-se para o tempo de sobrevida. Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos avaliados foram: PAM, freqüência cardíaca, índice cardíaco, índice de resistência vascular sistêmica. As variáveis metabólicas analisadas foram: pH, bicarbonato, reserva de base e lactato, além de eletrólitos. RESULTADOS: Os valores médios de tempo de sobrevida, em minutos, por grupo foram: Grupo SF 79,0±12,0; Grupo RL 97,0±11,0; Grupo SH 67,0±10. Os valores médios da contagem de neutrófilos/campo no córtex renal foram: Grupo SF 0,55±0,68; Grupo RL 1,68±0,53; Grupo SH 1,33±0,43. E quando são ajustados para o tempo de sobrevida encontram-se: Grupo SF 0,55; Grupo RL 1,62; Grupo SH 1,39. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa, na contagem de neutrófilo entre o Grupo SF com os demais, usando-se ou não o ajuste pelo tempo de sobrevida (p=0,016 e p=0,0128). CONCLUSAO: As duas situações críticas, choque hemorrágico controlado e manobra de Pringle, promoveram seqüestro de neutrófilos no interstício renal do rato, sendo a solução fisiológica com a menor média, diferenciando estatisticamente das demais soluções, neste modelo.